"Modular elliptic curves and Fermat's Last Theorem" - Sir Andrew Wiles
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"Modular elliptic curves and Fermat's Last Theorem" - Sir Andrew Wiles
Modular elliptic curves
and
Fermat’s Last Theorem
By ANDREW WILES
For Nada, Glare, Kate and Olivia
"Cubum autem in duos cubos, aut quadratoquadratum in
duos quadratoquadratos, et generaliter nullam in infinitum
ultra quadratum potestatem in duos ejusdem nominis fas est
dividere:
cujus rei demonstrationem mirabilem sane detexi.
Hanc
marginis
exiguitas
non caperet"
Introduction
An elliptic curve over Q is said to be modular if it has a finite covering by a
modular curve of the form Xc(S). Any such elliptic curve has the property
that its Hasse-Weil zeta function has an analytic continuation and satisfies a
functional equation of the standard type. If an elliptic curve over Q with a
given j-invariant is modular then it is easy to see that all elliptic curves with
the same j-invariant are modular (in which case we say that the j-invariant
is modular). A well-known conjecture which grew out of the work of Shimura
and Taniyama in the 1950’s and 1960’s asserts that every elliptic curve over Q
is modular. However, it only became widely known through its publication in a
paper of Weil in 1967 [We] (as an exercise for the interested reader!). in which,
moreover, IVeil gave conceptual evidence for the conjecture. Although it had
been numerically verified in many cases, prior to the results described in this
paper it had only been known that finitely many j-invariants u-ere modular.
111 1985 Frey made the remarkable observation that this conjecture should
imply Fermat’s Last Theorem. The precise mechanism relating the two was
formulated by Serre as the s-conjecture and this was then proved by Ribec in
the summer of 1936. Ribet‘s result only requires one to prove the conjecture
for semistable elliptic curves in order to deduce Fermat’s Last Theorem.
http://math.stanford.edu/~lekheng/flt/wiles.pdf
and
Fermat’s Last Theorem
By ANDREW WILES
For Nada, Glare, Kate and Olivia
"Cubum autem in duos cubos, aut quadratoquadratum in
duos quadratoquadratos, et generaliter nullam in infinitum
ultra quadratum potestatem in duos ejusdem nominis fas est
dividere:
cujus rei demonstrationem mirabilem sane detexi.
Hanc
marginis
exiguitas
non caperet"
Introduction
An elliptic curve over Q is said to be modular if it has a finite covering by a
modular curve of the form Xc(S). Any such elliptic curve has the property
that its Hasse-Weil zeta function has an analytic continuation and satisfies a
functional equation of the standard type. If an elliptic curve over Q with a
given j-invariant is modular then it is easy to see that all elliptic curves with
the same j-invariant are modular (in which case we say that the j-invariant
is modular). A well-known conjecture which grew out of the work of Shimura
and Taniyama in the 1950’s and 1960’s asserts that every elliptic curve over Q
is modular. However, it only became widely known through its publication in a
paper of Weil in 1967 [We] (as an exercise for the interested reader!). in which,
moreover, IVeil gave conceptual evidence for the conjecture. Although it had
been numerically verified in many cases, prior to the results described in this
paper it had only been known that finitely many j-invariants u-ere modular.
111 1985 Frey made the remarkable observation that this conjecture should
imply Fermat’s Last Theorem. The precise mechanism relating the two was
formulated by Serre as the s-conjecture and this was then proved by Ribec in
the summer of 1936. Ribet‘s result only requires one to prove the conjecture
for semistable elliptic curves in order to deduce Fermat’s Last Theorem.
http://math.stanford.edu/~lekheng/flt/wiles.pdf
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